Geography and GIS
Overview
Geography is the science of space and place on Earth's surface. It focuses on the physical and human phenomena that make up the world's environments and places. Geographers describe the changing spatial patterns of places in words, maps, and graphics. Geography's continuing quest is to understand the physical and cultural features of places and their settings on the surface of Earth.
GIS is one of the fastest growing career fields in North America. It is a computer-based tool used to map, manage, analyze, display, and model spatial information. A GIS is a data management system capable of analyzing patterns and relationships between many different layers of mapped data simultaneously. Advantages of a GIS compared with a traditional map are the ability of the user to quickly alter the display properties, modify or introduce new data, and manipulate analysis results by changing input parameters and modifying the assumptions.
Potential Career Opportunities and Employers
American River College prepares our students for careers as GIS Specialists, Technicians, and Analysts. Many students enter the program with expertise in different fields such as biology, geology, public health, or archaeology, and augment their expertise with GIS skills that are taught in our program.
Our graduates work primarily for government agencies including the Cities of Sacramento, Roseville, and Folsom; State of California agencies including Fish and Wildlife, Water Resources, and Department of Health; county agencies including the Counties of Sacramento, Yolo, and El Dorado; federal agencies including Environmental Protection, Geological Survey, and National Parks; and public safety agencies including Fire, Police, and Emergency Services. Other employers include engineering, archaeological, and consulting firms.
Specific Employers Where Our Graduates Work
Americorps
California Air Resources Board
California Departmentt of Conservation
California Department of Fish & Wildlife
California Department of Food and Agriculture
California Department of Park and Recreation
California Department of Water Resources
California Division of Safety of Dams
California Geological Survey
California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services
California Highway Patrol
California State Library
California Trout
California Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
CalFIRE
Caltrans
City of Sacramento
Clear Path Utility Consulting
El Dorado Irrigation District
Element Environmental
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Epsilon Systems Solutions
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
GEI Consultants
GISCorps
ICF
Indian Health Services
JCH Research
Mokelumne Hill Cemetery District
PaleoWest Archaeology
Rustic Woods
Sacramento County Assessor’s Office
Sacramento County Department of Technology
Sacramento Historic Cemetery
Sacramento Sheriff’s Office
TRC Companies Inc.
U.S. Geological Survey
Verizon
West Coast Arborists
Westervelt Ecological Services
Wood Rogers
Roadmaps
Road maps lay out all of the courses you need to take for a given degree or certificate.
A.A./A.S. Degrees
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) A.S. Degree (Full Time, Fall Start) Map
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) A.S. Degree (Full Time, Spring Start) Map
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) A.S. Degree (Part Time, Fall Start) Map
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) A.S. Degree (Part Time, Spring Start) Map
AA-T/AS-T Transfer Degrees
Certificates
- Dean Joel Keebler
- Department Chair Hugh Howard
- HomeBase STEM HomeBase
- Phone (916) 484-8107
- Email askhb-STEM@arc.losrios.edu
Associate Degrees for Transfer
A.A.-T. in Geography
The Associate in Arts in Geography for Transfer (AA-T) program provides students with a major that fulfills the general requirements for transfer to a California State University. Students with this degree will receive priority admission with junior status to the California State University system. Students should work closely with their American River College counselor to ensure that they are taking the appropriate coursework to prepare for majoring in Geography at the institution they wish to transfer to because major and general education requirements may vary for each CSU and the degree may only transfer to specific institutions.
Students must complete the following Associate Degree for Transfer (ADT) requirements (Pursuant to SB1440, §66746):
• 60 semester or 90 quarter CSU-transferable units
• the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC) pattern
• a minimum of 18 semester or 27 quarter units in the major or area of emphasis as determined by the community college district
• obtain a minimum grade point average (GPA) of 2.0
ADTs also require that students must earn a “C” or better in all courses required for the major or area of emphasis. A “P” (Pass) grade is also an acceptable grade for courses in the major if the course is taken on a Pass/No Pass basis.
Catalog Date: January 1, 2026
Degree Requirements
| Course Code | Course Title | Units |
|---|---|---|
| Required Core: | ||
| GEOG 300 | Physical Geography: Exploring Earth's Environmental Systems | 3 |
| GEOG 301 | Physical Geography Laboratory | 1 |
| GEOG 310 | Human Geography: Exploring Earth's Cultural Landscapes (3) | 3 |
| or GEOG 320 | World Regional Geography (3) | |
| List A: | ||
| A minimum of 6 units from the following: | 6 | |
| Any course from the Required Core not already used or | ||
| GEOG 306 | Weather and Climate (3) | |
| GEOG 322 | Geography of California (3) | |
| GEOG 331 | Exploring Maps and Geographic Technologies (3) | |
| GEOG 334 | Introduction to GIS Software Applications (3) | |
| GEOG 391 | Field Studies in Geography: Mountain Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOG 392 | Field Studies in Geography: Coastal Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOG 393 | Field Studies in Geography: Arid Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOG 394 | Field Studies in Geography: Volcanic Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| List B: | ||
| A minimum of 6 units from the following: | 6 | |
| Any courses from List A not already used or | ||
| ANTH 310 | Cultural Anthropology (3) | |
| or ANTH 481 | Honors Cultural Anthropology (3) | |
| GEOG 305 | Global Climate Change (3) | |
| or GEOL 320 | Global Climate Change (3) | |
| GEOG 307 | Environmental Hazards and Natural Disasters (3) | |
| or GEOL 325 | Environmental Hazards and Natural Disasters (3) | |
| GEOG 308 | Introduction to Oceanography (3) | |
| or GEOL 330 | Introduction to Oceanography (3) | |
| GEOG 309 | Introduction to Oceanography Lab (1) | |
| or GEOL 331 | Introduction to Oceanography Lab (1) | |
| GEOG 330 | Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (3) | |
| GEOG 340 | Cartographic Design for GIS (3) | |
| GEOG 342 | Introduction to Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing (3) | |
| GEOG 344 | Spatial Analysis and Modeling in GIS (3) | |
| GEOG 350 | Data Acquisition in GIS (3) | |
| GEOG 360 | Database Design and Management in GIS (3) | |
| GEOG 362 | Advanced Database Design and Management in GIS (3) | |
| GEOG 375 | Introduction to GIS Programming (3) | |
| GEOG 385 | Introduction to Web Based GIS Application Development (3) | |
| GEOL 300 | Physical Geology (3) | |
| STAT C1000 | Introduction to Statistics (4) | |
| or ECON 310 | Statistics for Business and Economics (3) | |
| or PSYC 330 | Introductory Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences (3) | |
| or STAT C1000H | Introduction to Statistics - Honors (4) | |
| Total Units: | 19 | |
The Associate in Arts in Geography for Transfer (AA-T) degree may be obtained by completion of 60 transferable, semester units with a minimum 2.0 GPA, including (a) the major or area of emphasis described in the Required Program, and (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC) Requirement.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:
- describe the general content and scope of baccalaureate-level geography studies.
- compare and contrast the general biophysical and sociocultural differences and similarities among world regions.
- interpret maps and mapped data utilizing basic map elements, including scales, common coordinate systems, and map symbols.
- compare and contrast common geospatial technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), and remote sensing.
- evaluate and analyze common geographic problems and their solutions.
- list and describe at least three career options for geographers.
Career Information
The opportunities for geographers are as varied as the scope of geography itself. Geographers are found throughout the public and private sector, though rarely in positions with the title of Geographer. When combined with appropriate internships and/or other work experience, a baccalaureate degree in geography is excellent preparation for careers in natural resource management, environmental consulting, urban and regional planning, and elementary and secondary teaching. Geographic skills and knowledge are also quite valuable in diverse fields such as real estate, marketing, and demography.
Associate Degrees
A.S. in General Science
This program provides a broad study in the fields of biological and physical sciences in preparation for transfer to a four-year program and continuation of studies in upper division science courses.
Catalog Date: January 1, 2026
Degree Requirements
| Course Code | Course Title | Units |
|---|---|---|
| A minimum of 18 units from the following: | 181 | |
| Physical Science Courses | ||
| ASTR 300 | Introduction to Astronomy (3) | |
| ASTR 310 | The Solar System (3) | |
| ASTR 320 | Stars, Galaxies, and Cosmology (3) | |
| ASTR 330 | Introduction to Astrobiology (3) | |
| ASTR 400 | Astronomy Laboratory (1) | |
| ASTR 481 | Honors Astronomy: Stars, Galaxies, and Cosmology (4) | |
| ASTR 495 | Independent Studies in Astronomy (1 - 3) | |
| ASTR 499 | Experimental Offering in Astronomy (0.5 - 4) | |
| CHEM 305 | Introduction to Chemistry (5) | |
| CHEM 306 | Introduction to Organic and Biological Chemistry (5) | |
| CHEM 309 | Integrated General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (5) | |
| CHEM 310 | Chemical Calculations (4) | |
| CHEM 338 | Chemistry In Your World (3) | |
| CHEM 400 | General Chemistry I (5) | |
| CHEM 401 | General Chemistry II (5) | |
| CHEM 420 | Organic Chemistry I (5) | |
| CHEM 421 | Organic Chemistry II (5) | |
| CHEM 423 | Organic Chemistry - Short Survey (5) | |
| CHEM 495 | Independent Studies in Chemistry (1 - 3) | |
| CHEM 499 | Experimental Offering in Chemistry (0.5 - 4) | |
| GEOG 300 | Physical Geography: Exploring Earth's Environmental Systems (3) | |
| GEOG 301 | Physical Geography Laboratory (1) | |
| GEOG 305 | Global Climate Change (3) | |
| GEOG 306 | Weather and Climate (3) | |
| GEOG 307 | Environmental Hazards and Natural Disasters (3) | |
| GEOG 308 | Introduction to Oceanography (3) | |
| GEOG 309 | Introduction to Oceanography Lab (1) | |
| GEOG 391 | Field Studies in Geography: Mountain Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOG 392 | Field Studies in Geography: Coastal Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOG 393 | Field Studies in Geography: Arid Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOG 394 | Field Studies in Geography: Volcanic Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOG 495 | Independent Studies in Geography (1 - 3) | |
| GEOG 499 | Experimental Offering in Geography (0.5 - 4) | |
| GEOL 300 | Physical Geology (3) | |
| GEOL 301 | Physical Geology Laboratory (1) | |
| GEOL 305 | Earth Science (3) | |
| GEOL 306 | Earth Science Laboratory (1) | |
| GEOL 310 | Historical Geology (3) | |
| GEOL 311 | Historical Geology Laboratory (1) | |
| GEOL 320 | Global Climate Change (3) | |
| GEOL 325 | Environmental Hazards and Natural Disasters (3) | |
| GEOL 330 | Introduction to Oceanography (3) | |
| GEOL 331 | Introduction to Oceanography Lab (1) | |
| GEOL 345 | Geology of California (3) | |
| GEOL 392 | Field Studies in Mountain Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOL 393 | Field Studies in Coastal Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOL 394 | Field Studies in Volcanic Landscapes (1 - 4) | |
| GEOL 495 | Independent Studies in Geology (1 - 3) | |
| GEOL 499 | Experimental Offering in Geology (0.5 - 4) | |
| PHYS 310 | Conceptual Physics (3) | |
| PHYS 311 | Basic Physics (3) | |
| PHYS 312 | Conceptual Physics Laboratory (1) | |
| PHYS 350 | General Physics (4) | |
| PHYS 360 | General Physics (4) | |
| PHYS 410 | Mechanics of Solids and Fluids (5) | |
| PHYS 421 | Electricity and Magnetism (4) | |
| PHYS 431 | Heat, Waves, Light and Modern Physics (4) | |
| PHYS 495 | Independent Studies in Physics (1 - 3) | |
| PHYS 499 | Experimental Offering in Physics (0.5 - 4) | |
| Biological Science Courses | ||
| ANTH 300 | Biological Anthropology (3) | |
| ANTH 301 | Biological Anthropology Laboratory (1) | |
| ANTH 303 | Introduction to Forensic Anthropology (3) | |
| ANTH 370 | Primatology (3) | |
| ANTH 480 | Honors Biological Anthropology (3) | |
| ANTH 495 | Independent Studies in Anthropology (1 - 3) | |
| ANTH 499 | Experimental Offering in Anthropology (0.5 - 4) | |
| BIOL 300 | The Foundations of Biology (3) | |
| BIOL 301 | Evolution (3) | |
| BIOL 303 | Survey of Biology (4) | |
| BIOL 304 | Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology (4) | |
| BIOL 305 | Natural History (4) | |
| BIOL 310 | General Biology (4) | |
| BIOL 322 | Ethnobotany (3) | |
| BIOL 332 | Introduction to Ornithology (4) | |
| BIOL 342 | The New Plagues: New and Ancient Infectious Diseases Threatening World Health (3) | |
| BIOL 352 | Conservation Biology (3) | |
| BIOL 370 | Marine Biology (4) | |
| BIOL 375 | Marine Ecology (3) | |
| BIOL 390 | Natural History Field Study (0.5 - 4) | |
| BIOL 400 | Principles of Biology (5) | |
| BIOL 410 | Principles of Botany (5) | |
| BIOL 415 | Introduction to Biology: Biodiversity, Evolution, and Ecology (5) | |
| BIOL 420 | Principles of Zoology (5) | |
| BIOL 430 | Anatomy and Physiology (5) | |
| BIOL 431 | Anatomy and Physiology (5) | |
| BIOL 440 | General Microbiology (4) | |
| BIOL 442 | General Microbiology and Public Health (5) | |
| BIOL 482 | Honors Marine Biology (4) | |
| BIOL 495 | Independent Studies in Biology (1 - 3) | |
| BIOL 499 | Experimental Offering in Biology (0.5 - 4) | |
| BIOT 301 | Biotechnology and Human Health (3) | |
| BIOT 305 | Introduction to Bioinformatics (1) | |
| BIOT 307 | Biotechnology and Society (2) | |
| BIOT 311 | Biotechnology Laboratory Methods - Molecular Techniques (2) | |
| BIOT 312 | Biotechnology Laboratory Methods - Microbial and Cell Culture Techniques (2) | |
| BIOT 499 | Experimental Offering in Biology (0.5 - 4) | |
| NATR 300 | Introduction to Natural Resource Conservation and Policy (4) | |
| NATR 301 | Introduction to Ornithology (4) | |
| NATR 302 | Introduction to Wildlife Biology (4) | |
| NATR 303 | Energy and Sustainability (3) | |
| NATR 304 | The Forest Environment (3) | |
| NATR 305 | Fisheries Ecology and Management (4) | |
| NATR 306 | Introduction to Rangeland Ecology and Management (3) | |
| NATR 307 | Principles of Sustainability (4) | |
| NATR 310 | Study Design and Field Methods (4) | |
| NATR 320 | Principles of Ecology (4) | |
| NATR 322 | Environmental Restoration (3) | |
| NATR 324 | Field Studies: Birds and Plants of the High Sierra (1.5) | |
| NATR 330 | Native Trees and Shrubs of California (4) | |
| NATR 332 | Wildflowers of California (4) | |
| NATR 346 | Water Resources and Conservation (3) | |
| NATR 495 | Independent Studies in Natural Resources (1 - 3) | |
| NATR 499 | Experimental Offering in Natural Resources (0.5 - 4) | |
| PSYC 310 | Biological Psychology (3) | |
| PSYC 311 | Biological Psychology Laboratory (1) | |
| Total Units: | 18 | |
1must be transfer-level and must include one laboratory course in a physical science and one laboratory course in a biological science
The General Science Associate in Science (A.S.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, and either (a) the Local General Education Pattern or (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC), plus sufficient electives for a total of at least 60 units. See ARC graduation requirements.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:
- evaluate new and accepted ideas about the natural universe using scientific methods.
- analyze a wide variety of natural phenomena using basic definitions and fundamental theories of biological or physical sciences.
- apply appropriate quantitative and qualitative methods to interpret and analyze pertinent data.
- outline the basic concepts and fundamental theories of a natural science.
- articulate orally and/or in writing the importance of continuous examination and modification of accepted ideas as a fundamental element in the progress of science.
- discuss ethical components of scientific decision making and apply personal and social values within the process of decision making in scientific endeavors.
A.S. in Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are collections of computers, software applications, and personnel used to capture, store, transform, manage, analyze, and display spatial information. This powerful technology has a wide range of applications in planning and management by government agencies, business, and industry. The A.S. Degree provides a solid technical background in GIS concepts and applications including database design, the Global Positioning System (GPS), cartography, GIS programming, spatial analysis, and interdisciplinary applications of the technology. The degree also includes ARC General Education and elective courses, which are required for graduation. Completion of the degree requires practical work experience in GIS.
Catalog Date: January 1, 2026
Degree Requirements
| Course Code | Course Title | Units |
|---|---|---|
| GEOG 330 | Introduction to Geographic Information Systems | 3 |
| GEOG 334 | Introduction to GIS Software Applications | 3 |
| GEOG 340 | Cartographic Design for GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 342 | Introduction to Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing | 3 |
| GEOG 344 | Spatial Analysis and Modeling in GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 350 | Data Acquisition in GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 360 | Database Design and Management in GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 362 | Advanced Database Design and Management in GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 375 | Introduction to GIS Programming | 3 |
| GEOG 385 | Introduction to Web Based GIS Application Development | 3 |
| A minimum of 1 unit from the following: | 1 | |
| GEOG 498 | Work Experience in Geography (0.5 - 4) | |
| Total Units: | 31 | |
The Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Associate in Science (A.S.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, and either (a) the Local General Education Pattern or (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC), plus sufficient electives for a total of at least 60 units. See ARC graduation requirements.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:
- assess and describe fundamental aspects of geographic information and scale, with specific reference to raster and vector digital spatial data models used to represent such information.
- evaluate and compile various types of spatial data, with specific attention to geospatial metadata, data quality, and identification of the most appropriate data type for use in a specific GIS application.
- compare and contrast the variety of available coordinate systems, map projections, and datums, and choose the appropriate variety for a specific GIS application.
- originate, classify, edit, and manage digital spatial data using various techniques (e.g., manual, scan, and on-screen digitizing, computer-assisted drafting, GPS, etc.).
- design, synthesize, validate, optimize, and manage spatial attribute tables and databases.
- apply appropriate data normalization and classification schemes to attribute data.
- formulate geoprocessing and analysis functions that are appropriate for specific applications, and be able to perform and evaluate the results of such processes (such as buffering, overlay, reclassification, address matching, and statistical analysis).
- compare and contrast the effectiveness of various GIS output products, including maps, tables, charts, and other digital output for specific applications.
- describe, assess, and compare common map elements and the cartographic design process.
- synthesize, design, apply, and manage a GIS project, including estimates of time and labor requirements.
- propose at least three examples of GIS applications that document spatial distributions or solve spatial problems.
- list and describe at least three career options for GIS professionals.
- design, create, and disseminate high-quality maps in both hard-copy (paper) and digital (on-screen) forms.
- compare and contrast the effectiveness of hard-copy and digital maps.
- analyze problems encountered in the study of other disciplines, and formulate appropriate GIS solutions.
Career Information
According to an Environmental Systems Research Institute survey, over 80 percent of the data used for decision-making in government and industry has a spatial component. New areas of rapid growth are in criminal justice, homeland security, marketing, retail site location, resource allocation, banking, health-care planning, disease control, insurance, real estate, and disaster preparedness, management, and response. Most local, state, and federal government agencies use GIS and maintain a staff of GIS technicians, analysts, and professionals. GIS is also commonly used in the private sector by businesses, planners, architects, foresters, geologists, environmental scientists, archaeologists, real estate professionals, marketers, sociologists, and bankers. The growth in application areas of GIS and of GIS as a specialized discipline represents a new way for individuals, agencies, and businesses to view the world. The expansion of jobs in GIS is anticipated to continue for many years to come. It is likely that all students, regardless of their particular field of interest, will at least be exposed to and probably use a GIS in some capacity in the years ahead. The purpose of American River College's GIS program is to prepare students for careers in this expanding technological field.
A.S. in Geography
This degree provides students with a solid foundation in Geography as well as the standard prerequisites for upper-division coursework leading to a baccalaureate degree. The required and elective coursework covers a broad spectrum of Physical Geography, Human Geography, and GIS.
This is not an official transfer degree, such as the Geography AA-T, which guarantees admission to any California State University. However, this degree has been designed with an emphasis on University of California (UC) transferability. Please see a counselor to help choose courses to satisfy Cal-GETC requirements. This degree can also be used to prepare students for transfer to geography programs at private institutions, but in all cases students are strongly encouraged to research the lower division requirements at all programs they might be interested in.
Catalog Date: January 1, 2026
Degree Requirements
| Course Code | Course Title | Units |
|---|---|---|
| GEOG 300 | Physical Geography: Exploring Earth's Environmental Systems | 3 |
| GEOG 301 | Physical Geography Laboratory | 1 |
| GEOG 310 | Human Geography: Exploring Earth's Cultural Landscapes | 3 |
| GEOG 330 | Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (3) | 31 |
| or GEOG 331 | Exploring Maps and Geographic Technologies (3) | |
| or GEOG 334 | Introduction to GIS Software Applications (3) | |
| GEOG 391 | Field Studies in Geography: Mountain Landscapes (1 -4) | 1 - 4 |
| or GEOG 392 | Field Studies in Geography: Coastal Landscapes (1 -4) | |
| or GEOG 393 | Field Studies in Geography: Arid Landscapes (1 -4) | |
| or GEOG 394 | Field Studies in Geography: Volcanic Landscapes (1 -4) | |
| PSYC 330 | Introductory Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences (3) | 3 - 6 |
| or STAT C1000 | Introduction to Statistics (4) | |
| or STAT 305 | Statway, Part II (6) | |
| A minimum of 6 units from the following: | 6 | |
| GEOG 305 | Global Climate Change (3) | |
| or GEOL 320 | Global Climate Change (3) | |
| GEOG 306 | Weather and Climate (3) | |
| GEOG 307 | Environmental Hazards and Natural Disasters (3) | |
| or GEOL 325 | Environmental Hazards and Natural Disasters (3) | |
| GEOG 308 | Introduction to Oceanography (3) | |
| or GEOL 330 | Introduction to Oceanography (3) | |
| GEOG 309 | Introduction to Oceanography Lab (1) | |
| or GEOL 331 | Introduction to Oceanography Lab (1) | |
| GEOG 320 | World Regional Geography (3) | |
| GEOG 322 | Geography of California (3) | |
| Total Units: | 20 - 26 | |
1GEOG 331 is recommended for students who plan to transfer to a California State University.
The Geography Associate in Science (A.S.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, and either (a) the Local General Education Pattern or (b) the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC), plus sufficient electives for a total of at least 60 units. See ARC graduation requirements.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:
- describe the general content and scope of collegiate level geography studies.
- compare and contrast the general biophysical and sociocultural differences and similarities among world regions.
- interpret maps and mapped data utilizing basic map elements including scales, coordinate systems, and symbols.
- compare and contrast common geographic information technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), and Remote Sensing.
- evaluate and analyze geographic problems and their solutions.
- list and describe at least three career options for geographers.
Career Information
The opportunities for geographers are as varied as the scope of geography itself. Geographers are found throughout the public and private sector, though rarely in positions with the title of Geographer. When combined with appropriate internships and/or other work experience, a baccalaureate degree in geography is excellent preparation for careers in natural resource management, environmental consulting, urban and regional planning, and elementary and secondary teaching. Geographic skills and knowledge are also quite valuable in diverse fields such as real estate, marketing, and demography.
Certificate of Achievement
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Certificate
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are collections of computers, software applications, and personnel used to capture, store, transform, manage, analyze, and display spatial information. This powerful technology has a wide range of applications in planning and management by government agencies, business, and industry. The certificate provides a solid technical background in GIS concepts and applications including database design, the Global Positioning System (GPS), cartography, GIS programming, spatial analysis, and interdisciplinary applications of the technology. Completion of the certificate requires practical work experience in GIS.
Catalog Date: January 1, 2026
Certificate Requirements
| Course Code | Course Title | Units |
|---|---|---|
| GEOG 330 | Introduction to Geographic Information Systems | 3 |
| GEOG 334 | Introduction to GIS Software Applications | 3 |
| GEOG 340 | Cartographic Design for GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 342 | Introduction to Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing | 3 |
| GEOG 344 | Spatial Analysis and Modeling in GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 350 | Data Acquisition in GIS | 3 |
| GEOG 360 | Database Design and Management in GIS | 3 |
| A minimum of 6 units from the following: | 6 | |
| GEOG 362 | Advanced Database Design and Management in GIS (3) | |
| GEOG 375 | Introduction to GIS Programming (3) | |
| GEOG 385 | Introduction to Web Based GIS Application Development (3) | |
| A minimum of 1 unit from the following: | 1 | |
| GEOG 498 | Work Experience in Geography (0.5 - 4) | |
| Total Units: | 28 | |
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:
- assess and describe fundamental aspects of geographic information and scale, with specific reference to raster and vector digital spatial data models used to represent such information.
- evaluate and compile various types of spatial data, with specific attention to geospatial metadata, data quality, and identification of the most appropriate data type for use in a specific GIS application.
- compare and contrast the variety of available coordinate systems, map projections, and datums, and choose the appropriate variety for a specific GIS application.
- originate, classify, edit, and manage digital spatial data using various techniques (e.g., manual, scan, and on-screen digitizing, computer-assisted drafting, GPS, etc.).
- design, synthesize, validate, optimize, and manage spatial attribute tables and databases.
- apply appropriate data normalization and classification schemes to attribute data.
- formulate geoprocessing and analysis functions that are appropriate for specific applications, and be able to perform and evaluate the results of such processes (such as buffering, overlay, reclassification, address matching, and statistical analysis).
- compare and contrast the effectiveness of various GIS output products, including maps, tables, charts, and other digital output for specific applications.
- describe, assess, and compare common map elements and the cartographic design process.
- synthesize, design, apply, and manage a GIS project, including estimates of time and labor requirements.
- propose at least three examples of GIS applications that document spatial distributions or solve spatial problems.
- list and describe at least three career options for GIS professionals.
- design, create, and disseminate high-quality maps in both hard-copy (paper) and digital (on-screen) forms.
- compare and contrast the effectiveness of hard-copy and digital maps.
- analyze problems encountered in the study of other disciplines, and formulate appropriate GIS solutions.
Career Information
According to an Environmental Systems Research Institute survey, over 80 percent of the data used for decision-making in government and industry has a spatial component. New areas of rapid growth are in criminal justice, homeland security, marketing, retail site location, resource allocation, banking, health-care planning, disease control, insurance, real estate, and disaster preparedness, management, and response. Most local, state, and federal government agencies use GIS and maintain a staff of GIS technicians, analysts, and professionals. GIS is also commonly used in the private sector by businesses, planners, architects, foresters, geologists, environmental scientists, archaeologists, real estate professionals, marketers, sociologists, and bankers. The growth in application areas of GIS and of GIS as a specialized discipline represents a new way for individuals, agencies, and businesses to view the world. The expansion of jobs in GIS is anticipated to continue for many years to come. It is likely that all students, regardless of their particular field of interest, will at least be exposed to and probably use a GIS in some capacity in the years ahead. The purpose of American River College's GIS program is to prepare students for careers in this expanding technological field.
Geography (GEOG) Courses
GEOG 300 Physical Geography: Exploring Earth's Environmental Systems
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra and the skills needed to read and write college-level texts.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L5; Cal-GETC Area 5A
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 110
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course explores the processes and interrelationships which shape Earth's natural landscapes. Key topics include solar energy balance, weather and climate, water resources, landforms, natural hazards, soil, and vegetation. Relevant application of these concepts is used to explain the evolving relationship between humans and Earth's natural systems. Field trips may be required to relate course content to the real world.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- list the basic components and describe the structure of each of Earth's major environmental systems: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.
- describe the basic processes and interrelationships occurring within and between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.
- identify and assess the impacts that the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere have on human environments.
- identify and assess the impacts that human populations have on the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.
- identify the basic natural processes which have shaped Earth over time, using local Sacramento Region examples.
- utilize maps, charts, and graphs to understand the core concepts, patterns, and processes covered in this course.
GEOG 301 Physical Geography Laboratory
- Units:1
- Hours:54 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Corequisite:GEOG 300
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra and the skills needed to read and write college-level texts.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Cal-GETC Area 5C
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 111
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course is a laboratory study of basic principles and concepts involved in understanding Earth's environmental systems. Labs feature observation, collection, analysis, and display of data related to the study of energy, weather and climate, vegetation, soils, landforms, and environmental hazards. Additional topics include geographic methods and technology, including interpretation of maps and other geographic imagery, weather instrumentation, the Global Positioning System (GPS), and relevant computer and Internet applications. Field experiences may be required.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- read, analyze, and interpret topographic maps and other geographic imagery.
- collect and analyze basic geographic data.
- analyze and interpret tabular and graphic data related to basic geographic phenomena.
- compare and contrast local geographic data with other locations, both regional and global.
- apply basic physical geographic principles to contemporary environmental situations.
GEOG 305 Global Climate Change
- Same As:GEOL 320
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra and the skills needed to read and write college-level texts.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L5; Cal-GETC Area 5A
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course explores the history and mechanisms of climate change in Earth’s past, as well as the methods that scientists use to investigate climate change. It also focuses on climate change in Earth’s recent history (the past few million years) and the role that humans have had in climate change, especially since the industrial revolution. Additionally, it investigates the effects of climate change in today’s world and discusses possible technological and political solutions to this vast and increasingly important problem, and how societies may adapt to the changes. Field experiences may be required. This course is not open to students who have completed GEOL 320.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- describe the scientific tools used to study global climate change in the past and present.
- explain the components, processes, and dynamics of the global heat budget, as they pertain to the ocean/atmosphere system.
- describe the various lines of evidence that scientists use to investigate climate change in Earth’s deep past.
- explain the conditions that led to extensive climate change over the past 2.5 million years.
- analyze the manners in which climate change are portrayed in the media.
- discriminate between and evaluate mechanisms of climate mitigation and adaptation at international, national, state, and local levels.
- evaluate the human causes of climate change, the evidence surrounding that, and the possible consequences of anthropogenically driven climate change.
GEOG 306 Weather and Climate
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra and the skills needed to read and write college-level texts.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L5; Cal-GETC Area 5A
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 130
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course introduces atmospheric processes including energy and moisture exchanges; atmospheric pressure; global circulation; precipitation processes; weather systems; severe weather; and world, regional, and local climate systems. It also includes observation and analysis of atmospheric data using charts, weather maps, and radar and satellite imagery from the Internet and other sources. Field trips may be required to reinforce course content.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- interpret, analyze, display, and map atmospheric and climate data.
- detail the processes of energy exchange involving the Earth/atmosphere system.
- describe the primary forces that influence global, regional, and local wind circulation.
- compare the dynamics of severe weather systems; including thunderstorms, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones.
- examine atmospheric and climate data to categorize and interpret variations in climate over Earth's surface.
- discuss and evaluate the mechanisms of climate change (both natural and anthropogenic), the impacts of climate change, and the efforts to adapt to and/or mitigate the challenges posed by the impacts.
GEOG 307 Environmental Hazards and Natural Disasters
- Same As:GEOL 325
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra and the skills needed to read and write college-level texts.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L5; Cal-GETC Area 5A
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course covers the environmental effects and applications of Earth-related processes. It focuses on earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, flooding, hurricanes, and related current events. Additional topics include the availability and exploitation of natural resources, waste disposal, and global climate change. Humans as a force in environmental change are emphasized. This course addresses geology, engineering, environmental studies, natural resources, geography, and science education. Field experiences may be required. This course is not open to students who have completed GEOL 325.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- identify and describe potential environmental hazards associated with different geomorphologic settings.
- describe short- and long-term consequences of environmental hazards on human activities.
- compare and contrast renewable and non-renewable natural resources.
- analyze the impact of human activity on natural resources.
- distinguish between short- and long-term global climate trends.
- evaluate current environmental issues that involve Earth system processes.
GEOG 308 Introduction to Oceanography
- Same As:GEOL 330
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra and the skills needed to read and write college-level texts.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L5; Cal-GETC Area 5A
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course is an integrated study of the world's oceans, including the physical, chemical, biological, and human-made processes that affect the oceans. Topics include plate tectonics, ocean basins and sediments, water chemistry, waves, tides, shoreline processes, ocean currents, and biosystems. Human impacts on oceans will also be discussed. Regional oceanographic features are emphasized and field experiences may be required. This course is not open to students who have completed GEOL 330.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- describe and evaluate the relationships between marine processes and plate tectonics.
- assess the impact of human activities on ocean chemistry, biosystems, and global climate.
- examine common coastal features and processes.
- evaluate the impacts of shoreline processes on human activities and structures.
- analyze the relationships between weather patterns and oceanic circulation.
- assess and interpret the gross chemical composition of the ocean.
- evaluate and measure the impacts of resource extraction on marine environmental concerns.
- describe the distribution of sediment in the oceans and the processes that move sediment.
GEOG 309 Introduction to Oceanography Lab
- Same As:GEOL 331
- Units:1
- Hours:54 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Corequisite:GEOG 308 or GEOL 330
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Cal-GETC Area 5C
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course is a laboratory investigation of Earth's oceans, emphasizing coastal processes of California. Topics include plate tectonics, ocean basins and sediments, water chemistry, waves, tides, shoreline processes, ocean currents, and biosystems. Field experiences may be required. This course is not open to students who have completed GEOL 331.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- assess the physical and chemical similarities and differences of distinct coastal environments.
- analyze the changing physical and chemical conditions on biological patterns.
- analyze the relationships between sea floor morphology and plate tectonics.
GEOG 310 Human Geography: Exploring Earth's Cultural Landscapes
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra; AND eligibility for ENGL C1000/C1000H (formerly ENGWR 300/480) or ESLW 340
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L4; Cal-GETC Area 4
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 120
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course investigates the diverse patterns of human settlement, development, and movement on earth, which evolved as a result of cultural and environmental factors. It emphasizes the understanding of global population and migration patterns, languages, religions, ethnicities, political and economic systems, development issues, agriculture, and urbanization.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- analyze humans' role in transforming Earth's surface into a series of distinctive cultural landscapes.
- evaluate explanations for the geographic origin and global diffusion of key aspects of culture (e.g. ethnocentrism, racism, language, religion, ethnicity, development, agriculture, and urbanization).
- describe patterns of cultural diversity in California, the U.S., and the world.
- create maps from various types of socioeconomic data (e.g. ethnicity, religion, and AIDS incidence).
- describe broad historical and modern global socioeconomic processes such as migration, colonization, and globalization.
- explain the spatial patterns of key geographic concepts, such as distribution of population, religion, and language.
GEOG 320 World Regional Geography
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra; AND eligibility for ENGL C1000/C1000H (formerly ENGWR 300/480) or ESLW 340
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L4; Cal-GETC Area 4
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 125
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course is a global survey of the world's major geographic regions. Basic geographic concepts and ideas are used to study and compare cultures, resources, landscapes, economies, and political structures across all geographic regions. The interaction of countries and regions, their global roles, and the conflicting pressures of cultural diversity and globalization are presented. The widening gap between more developed and less developed countries and regions is integrated throughout the course, with a particular focus on comparing and contrasting conditions in North America and the United States with those in the rest of the world.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- generalize and describe the unique combination of cultural, physical, historical, economical, and organizational qualities that characterize each of Earth's major geographic regions.
- identify and discuss the major socioeconomic, political, and/or environmental issues currently affecting each of Earth's major geographic regions.
- define and investigate major geographic concepts such as region, migration, diffusion, globalization, demography, race, ethnicity, nationalism, and development.
- compare and contrast the factors which make North America and the United States particularly unique among Earth's major geographic regions.
- recognize and identify Earth's major geographic regions, as well as all countries located within them, on a blank outline map.
GEOG 322 Geography of California
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:Successful completion of Prealgebra and the skills needed to read and write college-level texts.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L4; Cal-GETC Area 4
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 140
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course is a study of the various natural and cultural environments of California, with special emphasis on the interaction of people with landforms, climate, natural vegetation, soils, and resources. It presents historical, political, and economic development within this diverse environment. The diversity of cultures which make up the state's expanding population is studied and compared. Analysis of current relevant issues, including those based on ethnic and cultural differences, is also presented.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- analyze the physical and cultural environments existing within the state of California.
- examine and analyze people-people and people-land interrelationships that have contributed to the historical, political, and economic development of the state.
- compare and contrast the contributions made by various ethnic and cultural groups from a geographic perspective.
- evaluate geographic patterns of social problems within the state which are based on economic inequalities and ethnic and cultural differences.
GEOG 330 Introduction to Geographic Information Systems
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:CISC 300
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L2
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course provides an introduction to the concepts, methods, and applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It emphasizes the techniques used to capture, store, query, analyze, and display spatial data. Specific topics include applications of GIS, geographic information and scale, coordinate systems, geospatial data models, data classification and symbolization, query and selection, cartographic design, data acquisition, data quality, geoprocessing, relational databases, metadata, spatial analysis, and GIS software.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- define GIS and provide examples of how it can be applied to solve real-world problems.
- describe coordinate systems.
- assess various geospatial data models.
- classify, query, and symbolize spatial data.
- apply geoprocessing tools.
- produce maps using GIS.
GEOG 331 Exploring Maps and Geographic Technologies
- Units:3
- Hours:50 hours LEC; 12 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:CISC 300 and GEOG 300
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- General Education:Local GE L5
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 150
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course introduces students to the world of maps and the geographic techniques and technologies that are utilized in the creation of modern cartographic documents. Specific topics include cartographic design, basic statistics, the Global Positioning System (GPS), Internet mapping, remote sensing, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- determine basic geographic information (e.g. location, distance, and direction) using various map scales, coordinate systems, and map projections.
- create, analyze, critique, and interpret data using maps, aerial photographs, and satellite imagery.
- demonstrate basic proficiency in traditional and modern cartography.
- collect, import, and display geospatial data within a GIS.
- evaluate common mapping applications and technologies.
- organize, manipulate, analyze, and display tabular data.
- use a GPS unit for basic navigation and data collection purposes.
- describe how geographic technologies can be used to solve real-world problems.
GEOG 334 Introduction to GIS Software Applications
- Units:3
- Hours:50 hours LEC; 12 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:CISC 300 and GEOG 330
- Transferable:CSU
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 155
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course provides the conceptual and practical foundations for using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. It emphasizes basic GIS software functionality including map display, attribute and spatial query, address geocoding, spatial database management, spatial analysis, cartographic presentation, and spatial data management.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- identify the components of the GIS graphical user interface.
- perform attribute and spatial queries.
- create and modify spatial databases.
- analyze spatial relationships between map features.
- design and produce maps.
- choose between "join," "relate," and "spatial join" methods to associate values in separate tables.
- utilize geoprocessing tools to perform spatial analysis.
GEOG 340 Cartographic Design for GIS
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:GEOG 330 with a grade of "C" or better
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course provides an introduction to map design and production in the context of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It emphasizes the concepts and methods associated with designing and producing thematic maps. Specific topics include data standardization and classification, symbolization, map projections, map elements, typography, cartographic design, thematic mapping techniques (choropleth, proportional symbol, dot, isarithmic, and multivariate), color in cartography, history of cartography, and map reproduction. Map critique sessions are also held.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- enumerate and describe the components of a map (map elements).
- perform the cartographic design process using GIS.
- produce professional quality maps using GIS.
- categorize and describe various thematic map types.
- identify and compare various map projections.
- evaluate and systematically critique thematic maps.
GEOG 342 Introduction to Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing
- Units:3
- Hours:50 hours LEC; 12 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:GEOG 330 with a grade of "C" or better
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course introduces the principles and concepts of remote sensing and digital image processing as they relate to Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Topics include the fundamentals of remote sensing, aerial photography, satellite imagery, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imaging systems. It covers a variety of digital image processing techniques to analyze data from various remote sensing platforms.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- synthesize the fundamentals and principles of remote sensing and digital image processing.
- analyze a variety of digital image processing techniques as they are applied to remotely sensed imagery.
- apply image processing software, remote sensing principles, and digital image processing techniques to a variety of remotely sensed imagery.
- analyze, evaluate, and interpret a number of different remote sensing platforms (that may include aerial photography, satellite imagery, Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR), and UAV.
- evaluate a number of different remote sensing principles and digital image processing techniques for a variety of real-world scenarios.
- perform accuracy assessments on classified imagery and determine whether an image is appropriate for a given application.
GEOG 344 Spatial Analysis and Modeling in GIS
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:GEOG 330 with a grade of "C" or better
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course provides a survey of the various concepts, approaches, and tools involved in the analysis and modeling of spatial data using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It emphasizes the use of spatial and statistical analysis, geoprocessing, and spatial modeling in order to investigate spatial distributions and relationships, answer spatial questions, and solve spatial problems. Specific topics include attribute and spatial query, geoprocessing, model building, distance and density surfaces, cluster analysis, network analysis, map algebra, surface interpolation and resampling, hydrologic analysis, 3D display/animation, and regression analysis.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- identify various spatial analysis techniques.
- apply statistical measures to characterize geospatial data.
- analyze geospatial distributions and relationships.
- assess various approaches to spatial modeling.
- build spatial models.
GEOG 350 Data Acquisition in GIS
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:GEOG 330 with a grade of "C" or better
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course introduces the techniques, theories, and practical experiences necessary to acquire, convert, and create digital spatial data. Topics include acquisition of existing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, metadata, formatting and conversion of GIS data, creation of data, utilization of remotely sensed data, and use of the Global Positioning System (GPS). Field experiences may be required.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- identify sources of existing spatial data.
- evaluate the quality and reliability of existing data sets.
- distinguish between various geospatial data models and assess their suitabilities for specific applications.
- acquire primary data using GPS.
- convert digital data from one format to another.
- assemble GIS data sets into logical groups appropriate for specific applications.
- utilize the Internet as a tool in data acquisition.
- compile and categorize remote sensing data.
- prioritize the importance of data sets required for a particular project in order to streamline the acquisition process.
GEOG 360 Database Design and Management in GIS
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:GEOG 330 with a grade of "C" or better
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course examines principles of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) database management and design including conversion fundamentals, modeling techniques, and strategic planning. Topics include the needs, alternatives, and pitfalls of spatial database development and conversion. It examines various types of spatial and tabular data applicable to GIS, as well as relevant issues such as hardware and software requirements. Particular attention is paid to determining appropriate methodologies, conversion plans, and data quality assurance procedures.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- describe the components of a spatial database system.
- critique the various types of geospatial input data.
- apply skills in building a spatial database for vector, raster, and tabular data.
- analyze the structure of existing spatial databases.
- compare the advantages of alternative spatial database structures.
GEOG 362 Advanced Database Design and Management in GIS
- Units:3
- Hours:54 hours LEC
- Prerequisite:GEOG 360 with a grade of "C" or better
- Advisory:CISA 320 and CISC 300
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course extends the concepts presented in GEOG 360, Database Design and Management in GIS. Topics include the advanced applications of organizing, inputting, and editing spatial data, including spatial data engine service management, spatial functions, multi-user editing, replication, and data organization. It involves the rigorous examination of traditional spatial database topics in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) context including data integration, warehousing, complex Structured Query Language (SQL) spatial coding, and system integration.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- design data models.
- use SQL to analyze and summarize database objects.
- design and evaluate the efficiency of a complex spatial database system suitable for use in a GIS application.
- categorize spatial, tabular, imagery, and document data for inclusion in a GIS database.
- produce an enterprise-oriented spatial database system.
- synthesize edits from a multiple-user GIS spatial database.
- revise an existing spatial database system designed for single or multiple GIS users.
- formulate an ongoing GIS database management strategy.
- determine the applicability of concepts learned to the independent design, creation, and use of a spatial database system.
- critique spatial database designs presented for evaluation.
GEOG 375 Introduction to GIS Programming
- Units:3
- Hours:45 hours LEC; 27 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:GEOG 330 with a grade of "C" or better
- Advisory:GEOG 334
- Transferable:CSU
- General Education:Local GE L2
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course provides the concepts and skills necessary to become a proficient Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications developer using the Python scripting language to develop commonly used GIS procedures and functions. Topics include GIS methods for querying and selecting geographic features, working with selection sets, editing tables, creating automated map sets, and performing geoprocessing operations.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- develop solutions to computer geoprocessing problems using a variety of research methods and by investigating data and programming sources.
- develop solutions to automate geoprocessing functions using a variety of programming methods, structures, and data sources.
- evaluate how the Python scripting language fits into the ArcGIS geoprocessing framework.
- apply GIS concepts, operations, and data sources to the process of conceiving common applications of GIS programming.
- assemble computer code in a logical, well-structured, and easy-to-read manner, including concise commenting.
- analyze, diagnose, and resolve "bugs" and typical problems in computer code through the combined processes of analysis and testing.
- compile Python and ArcGIS functions to create geoprocessing scripts.
- solve geospatial problems and streamline GIS workflows through the design and development of custom GIS applications.
GEOG 385 Introduction to Web Based GIS Application Development
- Units:3
- Hours:50 hours LEC; 12 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:GEOG 330 with a grade of "C" or better
- Advisory:CISW 300
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course introduces the development of Web-based Geographic Information Systems (GIS) solutions. Map authoring and Web service management tools are used to teach the techniques of creating, managing, maintaining, and deploying Web map services. It also introduces several options for using published Web map services for Web-based and mobile mapping applications.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- create maps for use on the Web.
- design, configure, optimize, and maintain Web map services.
- publish geospatial resources to a Web service.
- create and modify a basic interactive Web-based geospatial user interface.
- build a basic Web-based geospatial application.
- assess and critique appropriate map data for Web-based GIS.
- evaluate, create, test, troubleshoot, and problem solve geoprocessing functionality for Web map services.
GEOG 391 Field Studies in Geography: Mountain Landscapes
- Units:1 - 4
- Hours:6 - 24 hours LEC; 36 - 144 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 160
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course covers geographic principles and processes in mountain environments. Course content varies by destination and may include topics in physical geography (e.g., plant and animal communities, climate and weather, geology and geomorphology, natural hazards, environmental impacts) and human geography (e.g., cultural landscapes, economic activities, transportation issues, land use patterns). It also introduces tools and techniques used for geographic field research (e.g., map and compass use, the Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS)). Field trips are required.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- apply concepts and processes discussed in lecture to experiences in the field.
- compose field notes and collect and analyze field data.
- explain and describe physical and/or cultural phenomena of a specific region.
- integrate geographic information from various disciplines (geology, biology, ecology, urban studies, anthropology, history, economics, cultural studies, and others) in order to explain landscape patterns and processes.
GEOG 392 Field Studies in Geography: Coastal Landscapes
- Units:1 - 4
- Hours:6 - 24 hours LEC; 36 - 144 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 160
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course involves the study of geographic principles and processes in coastal environments. Course content varies by destination and may include topics in physical geography (e.g., plant and animal communities, climate and weather, geology and geomorphology, natural hazards, environmental impacts) and human geography (e.g., cultural landscapes, economic activities, transportation issues, land use patterns). It also introduces tools and techniques used for geographic field research (e.g., map and compass use, the Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS)). Field trips are required.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- apply concepts and processes discussed in lecture to experiences in the field.
- compose field notes and collect and analyze field data.
- explain and describe physical and/or cultural phenomena of a specific region.
- integrate geographic information from various disciplines (geology, biology, ecology, urban studies, anthropology, history, economics, cultural studies, and others) in order to explain landscape patterns and processes.
GEOG 393 Field Studies in Geography: Arid Landscapes
- Units:1 - 4
- Hours:6 - 24 hours LEC; 36 - 144 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 160
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course involves the study of geographic principles and processes in arid environments. Course content varies by destination and may include topics in physical geography (e.g., plant and animal communities, climate and weather, geology and geomorphology, natural hazards, environmental impacts) and human geography (e.g., cultural landscapes, economic activities, transportation issues, land use patterns). It also introduces tools and techniques used for geographic field research (e.g., map and compass use, the Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS)). Field trips are required.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- apply concepts and processes discussed in lecture to experiences in the field.
- compose field notes and collect and analyze field data.
- explain and describe physical and/or cultural phenomena of a specific region.
- integrate geographic information from various disciplines (geology, biology, ecology, urban studies, anthropology, history, economics, cultural studies, and others) in order to explain landscape patterns and processes.
GEOG 394 Field Studies in Geography: Volcanic Landscapes
- Units:1 - 4
- Hours:6 - 24 hours LEC; 36 - 144 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Transferable:CSU; UC
- C-ID:C-ID GEOG 160
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course involves the study of geographic principles and processes in volcanic environments. Course content varies by destination and may include topics in physical geography (e.g., plant and animal communities, climate and weather, geology and geomorphology, natural hazards, environmental impacts) and human geography (e.g., cultural landscapes, economic activities, transportation issues, land use patterns). It also introduces tools and techniques used for geographic field research (e.g., map and compass use, the Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS)). Field trips are required.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- apply concepts and processes discussed in lecture to experiences in the field.
- compose field notes and collect and analyze field data.
- explain and describe physical and/or cultural phenomena of a specific region.
- integrate geographic information from various disciplines (geology, biology, ecology, urban studies, anthropology, history, economics, cultural studies, and others) in order to explain landscape patterns and processes.
GEOG 495 Independent Studies in Geography
- Units:1 - 3
- Hours:54 - 162 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
Independent Study is an opportunity for the student to extend classroom experience in this subject, while working independently of a formal classroom situation. Independent study is an extension of work offered in a specific class in the college catalog. To be eligible for independent study, students must have completed the basic regular catalog course at American River College. They must also discuss the study with a professor in this subject and secure approval. Only one independent study for each catalog course will be allowed.
GEOG 498 Work Experience in Geography
- Units:0.5 - 4
- Hours:27 - 216 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Enrollment Limitation:Students must be in a paid or unpaid internship, volunteer position, or job related to geography or geographic information systems (GIS) with a cooperating site supervisor. Students are advised to consult with the Geography Department faculty to review specific certificate and degree work experience requirements.
- Advisory:Eligibility for ENGL C1000/C1000H (formerly ENGWR 300/480) or ESLW 340
- Transferable:CSU
- General Education:Local GE L7B
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course provides students with opportunities to develop marketable skills in preparation for employment or advancement within the field of geography or geographic information systems (GIS). It is designed for students interested in work experience and/or internships in transfer-level degree occupational programs. Course content includes understanding the application of education to the workforce, completion of Title 5 required forms which document the student's progress and hours spent at an approved work site, and developing workplace skills and competencies.
During the semester, the student is required to complete 27 hours of related work experience for 0.5 unit. An additional 27 hours of related work experience is required for each additional 0.5 units. All students are required to attend the first course meeting, a mid-semester meeting, and a final meeting. Additionally, students who have not already successfully completed a Work Experience course will be required to attend weekly orientations while returning participants may meet individually with the instructor as needed. Students may take up to 16 units total across all Work Experience course offerings. This course may be taken up to four times when there are new or expanded learning objectives. Only one Work Experience course may be taken per semester.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- demonstrate application of industry knowledge and theoretical concepts in the field of geography or geographic information systems (GIS) related to a transfer degree level career as written in the minimum three (3) learning objectives created by the student and their employer or work site supervisor at the start of the course.
- make effective decisions, use workforce information, and manage their personal career plans.
- behave professionally, ethically, and legally during work, consistent with applicable laws, regulations, and organizational norms.
- behave responsibly during work, exhibiting initiative and self-management in situations where it is needed.
- develop effective leadership skills during work, with consideration to group dynamics, team and individual decision making, and workforce diversity.
- communicate in oral, written, and other formats, as needed, in a variety of contexts during work.
- locate, organize, evaluate, and reference information during work.
- demonstrate originality and inventiveness during work by combining ideas or information in new ways, making connections between seemingly unrelated ideas, and reshaping goals in ways that reveal new possibilities using critical and creative thinking skills such as logical reasoning, analytical thinking, and problem-solving.
GEOG 499 Experimental Offering in Geography
- Units:0.5 - 4
- Hours:15 hours LEC; 12 hours LAB
- Prerequisite:None.
- Advisory:GEOG 330
- Transferable:CSU
- Catalog Date:January 1, 2026
This course introduces remote sensing principles, image data sources, and provides practical experience in a full range of digital image processing functions including image rectification, image enhancement, classification, data integration and biophysical modeling using image data from airborne and space-borne sensors.
Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
- Distinguish between images produced by various airborne and space-borne methods
- Design image processing protocols
- Evaluate software-based automatic image processing effectiveness
- Select appropriate image processing methods
- Formulate image acquisition strategies
Faculty
Programs and Majors
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